Monday 24 August 2009

Musicals

Today I’m looking at the genre of what I term “Musical Films” and listed below are some of the thriller films I have. Some of these I’ve already dealt with under the “Classic Films”, “Westerns”, “War Films”, “Drama Films”, “Action Films”, “Thriller Films” & “Comedy Films”, so I won’t go into any detail on those, however some of the “Musical Films” I have not dealt with I will look at in a bit more detail.

All the films listed below have musical listed as one of their categories.

Some of the “Musical Films” I possess and enjoy include


All That Jazz
Cabaret
Camelot
Carousel
Chicago
Chitty Chitty Bang Bang
A Chorus Line
Evita
My Fair Lady 3*
Fiddler on the Roof
Gigi 3*
Hello Dolly
High Society
Jesus Christ Superstar.
Joseph & the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat
The Jungle Book
The King & I
Mary Poppins 3*
Meet Me in St Louis 3*
Oh What a Lovely War
Oklahoma
Oliver 3*
The Phantom of the Opera
Seven Brides for Seven Brothers
Showboat
Singing in the Rain 4*
The Sound of Music 3*
South Pacific
Sweet Charity
Tommy
Top Hat 4*
West Side Story
The Wizard of Oz 4*
White Christmas
Yentl

Musicals cover a wide variety of scenarios.

In the 1930’s we had Rogers and Hart composing wonderful songs, Busby Berkeley choreographing wonderful routines, and Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers delighting us with their elegant dancing.

In the 1940’s it was Danny Kaye, Bing Crosby, Deanna Durbin, Anne Miller, Gene Kelly, Judy Garland, Al Jolson, Shirley Temple and the start of Rogers and Hammerstein.

The 1950’s brought us the continued success of Rogers and Hammerstein; more of Danny Kaye, Busby Berkeley, Bing Crosby, Fred Astaire and the new look animated musicals of the Disney Studios. There were the films Kiss Me Kate, High Society, An American in Paris, Singing in the Rain, The Bandwagon, Seven Brides for Seven Brothers, Funny Face, A Star is Born and Gigi,

The 60’s were the era of The Sound of Music, Mary Poppins, Thoroughly Modern Millie, My Fair Lady, The Music Man, Hello Dolly, Sweet Charity, West Side Story, Funny Girl, Oliver, Camelot, Half a Sixpence and Paint Your Wagon.

The 70’s brought Fiddler on the Roof, Song of Norway, On a Clear Day You can See Forever, Lost Horizon, Mame, Jesus Christ Superstar, Tommy, The Rocky Horror Picture Show, Grease, John Kander & Fred Ebb’s New York, New York and Bob Fosse’s All That Jazz,

The 80’s brought us Annie, Chorus Line, Pink Floyd’s The Wall, Victor/Victoria, Little Shop of Horrors and Disney’s The Little Mermaid.

Whilst the 90’s gave us Cry Baby, Evita, Beauty & the Beast, Aladdin and The Lion King,

Finally in the 2000’s we have Topsy Turvy, Moulin Rouge, De-Lovely and Phantom of the Opera.

So we will look in a little more detail at:-

My Fair Lady
Meet Me in St Louis,
Mary Poppins
Oliver
Singing in the Rain
The Sound of Music







My Fair Lady is a 1964 musical film adaptation of the Lerner and Loewe stage musical, My Fair Lady, based on the film adaptation of the stage play Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw. The ending and the ballroom scene are from the 1938 film Pygmalion rather than Shaw's original stage play. The film was directed by George Cukor and stars Audrey Hepburn and Rex Harrison.The film won eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor, and Best Director







In London, Henry Higgins (Rex Harrison), an arrogant, irascible, misogynistic professor of phonetics, believes that it is the accent and tone of one's voice which determines a person's prospects in society. He boasts to a new acquaintance, Colonel Hugh Pickering (Wilfrid Hyde-White), himself an expert in phonetics, that he can teach any woman to speak so "properly" that he could pass her off as a duchess at an embassy ball, citing, as an example, a young flower seller called Eliza Doolittle (Audrey Hepburn), who has a strong Cockney accent.




Eliza later goes to Higgins seeking speech lessons. Her great ambition is to work in a flower shop, but her thick working-class accent makes her unsuitable for such a position. All she can afford to pay is a shilling per lesson, whereas Higgins is used to training wealthier members of society. Pickering, who is staying with Higgins, is intrigued by the idea and bets Higgins all the expenses that he will not be able to do it. Inspired by the challenge, Higgins accepts.



Eliza's father, Alfred P. Doolittle (Stanley Holloway), a dustman, shows up three days later, ostensibly to protect his daughter's virtue, but in reality simply to extract some money from Higgins, and is bought off with £5. Higgins is impressed by the man's honesty, his natural gift for language, and especially his brazen lack of morals (Doolittle explains, "Can't afford 'em!"). Higgins sends Doolittle to make a speech for a wealthy American who is interested in morality






Eliza goes through many forms of speech training, such as speaking with marbles in her mouth. At first, she makes no progress, but just as she, Higgins, and Pickering are about to give up, Eliza tries one more time and finally "gets it"; she instantly begins to speak with an impeccable upper class accent







As a test, Higgins takes her to Ascot Racecourse, where she makes a good impression with her stilted, but genteel manners, only to shock everyone by a sudden and vulgar lapse into Cockney while encouraging a horse to win a race:





All ready for Ascot











Meeting Mr Freddy Eynsford-Hill



"C'mon Dover, move your bloomin' arse!" Higgins, who dislikes the pretentiousness of the upper class, partly conceals a grin behind his hand.


The bet is won when Eliza successfully passes as a mysterious lady of patently noble rank at an embassy ball and even dances with a foreign prince. Also at the ball is Zoltan Karpathy (Theodore Bikel), a Hungarian phonetics expert also trained by Higgins. After a brief conversation with Eliza, he certifies that she is of royal blood. This makes Higgins' evening, since he has always looked upon Karpathy as a bounder and a crook.
After all the effort she has put in however, Eliza is given hardly any credit, all the praise going to Higgins. This, and his callous treatment towards her afterwards, especially his indifference to her future, causes her to walk out on him, leaving him mystified by her ingratitude. Accompanied by Freddy Eynsford-Hill (Jeremy Brett), a young man she met at Ascot and who has become enamoured of her, Eliza returns to her old stomping ground at Covent Garden, but finds that with her genteel manners, upper-class accent and lovely clothes, she no longer fits in.








She meets Alfred, who was left a large fortune by the wealthy American Higgins had sent his name to, and is set to marry Eliza's step-mother (he feels that Higgins has ruined him, since he is now essentially more bound in life by morals and responsibility).




Get me to the Church on Time!



Higgins finds Eliza the next day and attempts to talk her into coming back to him. During a testy exchange, Higgins's ego gets the better of him and he explodes when Eliza announces that she is going to marry Freddy and become Karpathy's assistant (as well as his dislike of Karpathy, Higgins considers Freddy pathetic and not up to Eliza's new standards). Eliza is satisfied that she has had her "own back" and rejects him. Higgins has to admit that rather than being a "a millstone around my neck... now you're a tower of strength, a consort battleship. I like you this way." Eliza leaves, saying they will never meet again.

After an argument with his mother - in which he concludes that he does not need Eliza or anyone else in life - Higgins makes his way home, stubbornly predicting that Eliza will come crawling back. However, he comes to the horrified realization that he has "grown accustomed to her face". He is reduced to playing an old phonograph recording of her voice lessons. Then, to his great delight, Eliza suddenly returns.



Awards and honors


Academy Awards
1. Best Actor, Rex Harrison

2. Best Art Direction, Gene Allen, Cecil Beaton, George James Hopkins

3. Best Cinematography, Harry Stradling Sr.

4. Best Costume Design, Cecil Beaton

5. Best Director, George Cukor

6. Best Original Score, André Previn

7. Best Picture, Jack L. Warner

8. Best Sound, George Groves

Golden Globe Awards
1. Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy

2. Best Actor - Musical or Comedy, Rex Harrison

3. Best Director, George Cukor

BAFTA Awards
1. Best Film from any Source, George Cukor

Academy Awards - 1964
My Fair Lady won eight Oscars:












BAFTA Awards
My Fair Lady won the BAFTA Award for Best Film from any source.
Others
American Film Institute recognition
1998 AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies #91
2002 AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions #12
2004 AFI's 100 Years... 100 Songs:
"I Could Have Danced All Night" #17
2006 AFI's 100 Years of Musicals #8







Meet Me in St. Louis is a 1944 romantic musical film from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer which tells the story of four sisters living in St. Louis at the time of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition World's Fair in 1904.
It stars Judy Garland, Margaret O'Brien, Mary Astor, Lucille Bremer, Tom Drake, Leon Ames, Marjorie Main, June Lockhart, and Joan Carroll.
The movie was adapted by Irving Brecher and Fred F. Finklehoffe from a series of short stories by Sally Benson, originally published in The New Yorker magazine and later in the novel 5135 Kensington.
The film was directed by Vincente Minnelli, who met his future wife, Judy Garland, on the set. In the film, Garland debuted the standards "The Trolley Song" and "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" which became hits after the film was released.
Arthur Freed, the producer of the film also wrote and performed one of the songs (see below). It was the second-highest grossing picture of the year, only behind Going My Way.







The film was nominated for Academy Awards for Best Cinematography, Color, Best Music, Scoring of a Musical Picture, Best Music, Song (Ralph Blane and Hugh Martin for "The Trolley Song") and Best Writing, Screenplay. Margaret O'Brien received an Academy Juvenile Award for her work that year, in which she appeared in several movies along with Meet Me in St. Louis.The film has been deemed "culturally significant" by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry. In 2005, Time.com named it one of the 100 best movies of the last 80





In 2004 the AFI ranked "The Trolley Song" and "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" on AFI's 100 Years... 100 Songs at #26 and #76, respectively; in 2006 the film was ranked #10 on the American Film Institute's list of best musicals











Mary Poppins is a 1964 musical film starring Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke, produced by Walt Disney, and based on the Mary Poppins books series by P. L. Travers with illustrations by Mary Shepard. The film was directed by Robert Stevenson and written by Bill Walsh and Don DaGradi, with songs by Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman. It was shot at Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California.





The film begins with Mary Poppins (Julie Andrews) perched on a cloud high above London in Spring 1910. The action descends to earth where Bert (Dick Van Dyke), a Cockney jack-of-all-trades is performing as a one-man band at a park entrance, where he suddenly senses that his good friend is about to return. After the show, he breaks the "Fourth wall" and introduces the audience to the well-to-do but troubled Banks family, headed by the cold and aloof Mr. Banks (David Tomlinson) and the loving but highly distracted suffragette Mrs. Banks (Glynis Johns).





The Banks' latest nanny, Katie Nanna, quits out of exasperation after the Banks children, Jane (Karen Dotrice) and Michael (Matthew Garber) run off in pursuit of a wayward kite. Mr Banks returns home from his job at a bank, and Mrs Banks reveals the children are missing. A policeman arrives with the children, who ask their father to help repair their damaged kite, but he dismisses them and advertises for an authoritarian nanny-replacement. Jane and Michael draft their own advertisement asking for a fun, kind-hearted and caring person, but Mr. Banks tears up the paper and throws it in the fireplace. Unnoticed, the note's remains float up the chimney.





The next day there is a queue of old and disagreeable nanny candidates waiting at the door. However, a strong gust of wind literally blows the queue away, and Mary Poppins floats down with her umbrella to apply. Mr. Banks is stunned to see that this calmly defiant new nanny has responded to the children's ad despite the fact he destroyed it. As he puzzles, Mary Poppins employs herself and begins work.






The children face surprises of their own: Mary possesses a bottomless carpetbag, and makes contents of the children's nursery come to life and tidy themselves. The trio then meet Bert in the park, where Mary uses one of his chalk pavement-drawings as a gateway to an outing in an animated countryside. The next day, they all visit Mary's jovial Uncle Albert, who floats whenever he laughs, and join him in a tea party in midair.





Mr. Banks grows uncomfortable with his children's stories of their adventures, but Mary effortlessly inverts his attempted dismissal of her services into a plan to take his children with him to the bank where he is employed. Mr. Dawes, Mr. Banks' extremely elderly employer, aggressively tries to persuade Michael to invest his money in the bank. When Michael protests, the other customers misunderstand, and start a run on the bank that forces the bank to suspend business. The children flee and wander into the slums of the East End of London. Fortunately, they run into Bert, now employed as a chimney sweep. He takes them safely home, explaining that their father does not hate them, but that he has problems of his own, and that unlike the children, has no-one to turn to but himself.



Transport - Mary Poppins Style





At home, a departing Mrs. Banks employs Bert to clean the family's chimney and mind the children. Mary Poppins arrives back from her day off and warns of the dangers of this activity, but is too late as the children are both sucked up the chimney to the roof. Bert and Mary follow them and lead a tour of the rooftops of London that concludes with a joyful dance with Bert's chimney-sweep colleagues. A volley of fireworks from the Banks' eccentric neighbour, Admiral Boom, who thought London was being attacked by Hottentots, sends the entire gathering back down the Banks' chimney. Mr. Banks arrives home, forcing Mary to conclude the festivities. Banks then receives a phone call from work ordering him to return immediately for disciplinary action. As Mr. Banks gathers his strength, Bert points out that while Mr. Banks does need to make a living, his offspring's childhood will come and go in a blink of an eye, and he needs to be there for them while he can. The Banks children approach their father to apologize, and Michael gives Mr. Banks his tuppence in the hope that it will make things all right. Banks gently accepts the offering.





A sombre and thoughtful Mr. Banks walks alone through the night-time streets. At the bank, he is formally humiliated and sacked for causing the first run on the bank since 1773 (it is stated that the bank supplied the money for the shipment of tea destroyed in the Boston Tea Party). However, after being at a loss when ordered to give a statement, Mr. Banks invokes Mary Poppins' all-purpose word "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious!" to tweak Mr Dawes. He gives Dawes the tuppence, tells the old man one of Uncle Albert's jokes and raucously departs. Dawes mulls over the joke, finally "gets it" and floats up into the air, laughing...
The next morning, the winds have changed direction, and so Mary must depart. Meanwhile, the Banks adults cannot find Mr. Banks, and fear that he might have become suicidal. However, Mr. Banks, now loving and joyful, reappears with the now-mended kite and cheerfully summons his children. The greatly-relieved Mrs. Banks supplies a tail for the kite, using one of her suffragette ribbons. They all leave the house without a backward glance as Mary Poppins watches from a window. In the park with other kite-flyers, Mr. Banks meets Mr. Dawes Jr., who says that his father literally died laughing. Instead of being mournful, the son is delighted his father died happy, and re-employs Mr. Banks to fill the opening as partner.
Her work done, Mary Poppins takes to the air with a fond farewell from Bert.




Academy Awards
The film received 13 Academy Awards nominations and won 5 awards. This makes Mary Poppins the most Oscar-nominated Disney film in history.
Best Actress -- Julie Andrews
Best Film Editing
Original Music Score
Best Song for "Chim Chim Cher-ee"
Special Visual Effects



Nominated
Best Art Direction (Color) -- Carroll Clark, William H. Tuntke, Emile Kuri and Hal Gausman (My Fair Lady won)
Best Cinematography (Color) (My Fair Lady won)
Best Costume Design (Color) (My Fair Lady won)
Best Director -- Robert Stevenson (My Fair Lady won)
Music (Scoring of Music—adaptation or treatment) (My Fair Lady won)
Best Picture (My Fair Lady won)
Best Sound (My Fair Lady won)
Best Adapted Screenplay (Becket won)



Others

Oliver! is a 1968 musical film directed by Carol Reed. The film is based on the stage musical Oliver!, with book, music and lyrics written by Lionel Bart. The screenplay was written by Vernon Harris.
Both the film and play are based on the famous Charles Dickens novel Oliver Twist. The musical includes several musical standards, including "Food, Glorious Food", "Consider Yourself", "As Long as He Needs Me", "You've Got to Pick a Pocket or Two", "Oom-Pah-Pah" and "Where is Love?".
The film version was a Romulus Films production and was distributed internationally by Columbia Pictures. It was filmed in Shepperton Film Studio in Surrey.
In 1968 Oliver! won six Academy Awards, including awards for Best Picture, Carol Reed Best Director.






The villain of the piece - Bill Sykes




Nancy entertains at "The Three Cripples"



Fagin & the Boys - "Be back Soon"





A special Academy Award was awarded to Onna White for her elaborate choreography.



It was also nominated for Best Actor in a Leading Role (Ron Moody),





Singin' in the Rain is a 1952 comedy musical film starring Gene Kelly, Donald O'Connor, and Debbie Reynolds and directed by Kelly and Stanley Donen, with Kelly also providing the choreography. It offers a comic depiction of Hollywood's transition from silent films to "talkies."
The movie is frequently described as one of the best musicals ever made, topping the AFI's 100 Years of Musicals list, and ranking fifth in its updated list of the greatest American films in 2007







Don Lockwood (Gene Kelly) is a popular silent film star with humble roots as a singer, dancer, and stunt man. Don barely tolerates his vapid, shallow leading lady, Lina Lamont (Jean Hagen), who claims to love him, as the publicity links them romantically.



One day, to escape from overenthusiastic fans, Don jumps into a passing car driven by Kathy Selden (Debbie Reynolds). She drops him off, but not before claiming to be a stage actress and sneering at his undignified accomplishments. Later, at a party, the head of Don's studio, R.F. Simpson (Millard Mitchell), shows a short demonstration of a talking picture, but his guests are unimpressed. Don runs into Kathy again at the party, after she jumps out of a cake. To his amusement and her embarrassment, he discovers that Kathy is only a chorus girl, part of the entertainment ("Dreaming of You"). Furious, she throws a cake at him, only to hit Lina right in the face. Later, after weeks of searching, Don makes up with Kathy after she is found in another Monumental Pictures production, and they begin to fall in love.



After a rival studio releases its first talking picture, The Jazz Singer, and it proves to be a smash hit, R.F. decides he has no choice but to convert the new Lockwood and Lamont film, The Dueling Cavalier, into a talkie. The production is beset with difficulties that reportedly did take place during the early days of talking pictures, by far the worst being Lina's comically grating voice. A test screening is a disaster. In one scene, for instance, Don repeats his own line "I love you" to Lina over and over, to the audience's derisive laughter (a reference to a scene by John Gilbert in his first talkie).



Don's best friend, Cosmo Brown (Donald O'Connor), comes up with the idea to dub Lina's voice with Kathy's and they persuade R.F. to turn The Dueling Cavalier into a musical called The Dancing Cavalier. At the end of production, Lina finds out that Kathy is dubbing her voice; she is furious and does everything possible to sabotage the romance between Don and Kathy. She becomes even angrier when she discovers that R.F. intends to give Kathy a screen credit and a big publicity buildup. Lina, having consulted lawyers, blackmails R.F. into backing down.
The premiere of The Dancing Cavalier is a tremendous success. When the audience clamors for Lina to sing live, Don, Cosmo, and R.F. improvise and get Lina to lip-synch while Kathy sings into a second microphone while hidden behind the stage's curtain. Later, while Lina is "singing," Don, Cosmo and R.F. gleefully open the stage curtain behind her, revealing the deception — Lina then flees in embarrassment. When Kathy tries to run away as well, Don stops her and introduces the audience to "the real star of the film."





Awards and honors
Jean Hagen was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, and the film for Best Original Music Score.
Singin' in the Rain has appeared twice on Sight and Sound's list of the ten best films of all time, in 1982 and 2002. The film has a rare 100% positive reviews on RottenTomatoes.com, based on 43 sources.
In 1989, Singin' in the Rain was also deemed "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.
American Film Institute recognition
1998 - AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies - #10;
2000 - AFI's 100 Years... 100 Laughs - #16;
2002 - AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions - #16;
2004 - AFI's 100 Years... 100 Songs:
"Singin' in the Rain" - #3
"Make 'em Laugh" - #49
"Good Morning" - #72
2006 - AFI's 100 Years of Musicals - #1
2007 - AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) - #5






Rodgers and Hammerstein's The Sound of Music is a 1965 musical film directed by Robert Wise and starring Julie Andrews in the lead role. The film is based on the Broadway musical The Sound of Music, with songs written by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, and with the musical book written by the writing team of Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse. Ernest Lehman wrote the screenplay.
The musical originated with the book The Story of the Trapp Family Singers by Maria von Trapp. It contains many popular songs, including "Edelweiss", "My Favorite Things", "Climb Ev'ry Mountain", "Do-Re-Mi", "Sixteen Going on Seventeen", and "The Lonely Goatherd", as well as the title song.





The movie version was filmed on location in Salzburg, Austria and Bavaria in Southern Germany, and also at the 20th Century Fox Studios in California. It was photographed in 70 mm Todd-AO by Ted D. McCord. It won a total of five Academy Awards including Best Picture in 1965 and is one of the most popular musicals ever produced. The cast album was nominated for a Grammy Award for Album of the Year.
Adjusted for inflation, it made $1.022 billion domestically at 2009 prices, putting it third on the list of all-time inflation-adjusted box office hits, behind Gone with the Wind and Star Wars. In 2001, The United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry as it was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".



In Salzburg, Austria, Maria, played by Julie Andrews, is studying to become a nun. Maria is a free spirit and Reverend Mother (Peggy Wood) is not sure if convent life is right for her. So the Reverend Mother sends her temporarily to be the governess to seven children of a widower naval commander, Captain Georg Ritter von Trapp (Christopher Plummer). Maria and the Captain immediately disagree on the way the children are treated. The Captain, still stricken with the grief of his deceased wife and not wanting to be reminded of the joy they once had--music is expressly forbidden--has been raising them according to the principles of military/navy discipline. He shows this because he is very controlling and stern to the children. He blows whistles at the children when he gives them orders and makes them wear uniforms. Maria, on the other hand, wants them to enjoy life as children while they can. The children are: Liesl (16) (Charmian Carr), who originally thinks she doesn't need a governess; Friedrich (14) (Nicholas Hammond), Louisa (13) (Heather Menzies), Kurt (11) (Duane Chase), Brigitta (10) (Angela Cartwright), Marta (7) (Debbie Turner), who likes the color pink (Maria does too) and Gretl (5) (Kym Karath).








The children, mischievous and initially hostile to Maria, eventually come to love her when she introduces them to the pleasures of music and singing. After a confrontation between Maria and the Captain, at the end of which he orders her to return to the abbey, he unexpectedly hears the children singing. He softens, tells Maria that she was right, and asks her to stay. One of the Captain's friends, Max Dettweiler (Richard Haydn), tries to persuade the Captain to let the children perform in his concert. Maria finds herself falling in love with the captain, who seems likely to marry the wealthy Baroness Elsa Schraeder (Eleanor Parker). The Baroness becomes jealous of Maria's talents and the effect she has on the Captain. She convinces her to leave during a grand party at the house by exploiting Maria's inner conflict about becoming a nun and her discomfort at the Captain's obvious affection towards her. Shortly thereafter, the Captain announces his intention to marry the Baroness Elsa. However, she doesn't have good rapport with the children.








Maria talks with the Reverend Mother, who convinces Maria she must "climb every mountain" to find God's will for her life and how God "wants her to spend her love." Maria decides to return to the von Trapp family to explore where these feelings will grow. Before, Maria felt that her attraction to the Captain was improper, given her assignment and her role at the convent. Upon Maria's return, the Captain confesses to the Baroness that he is in love with Maria and the Baroness decides to leave for Vienna after realizing marriage between them would not work. Afterwards, the Captain and Maria reveal their feelings for each other in "Something Good" and finally wed.







In a subplot, Liesl, the oldest of the children, falls for a messenger named Rolf (Daniel Truhitte). At first he encourages Liesl to sneak out and meet him whenever he delivers a telegram to her father, such as in one memorable episode where they are dancing in the rain. The two become estranged after he joins the Nazi Party, as he realizes that her father has no regard for him and does not support Adolf Hitler's Third Reich. Rolf subtly warns the von Trapps about the danger they face for not obeying the summons of the Reich.










Posted by at
Labels: , , , , ,

No comments:

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)